Pseudogout-associated inflammatory calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate microcrystals induce formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Microcrystals Induce Formation of Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Pseudogout-Associated Inflammatory

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Microcrystals

Neutrophil extracellular traps represent a fascinating mechanism by which PMNs entrap extracellular microbes. The primary purpose of this innate immune mechanism is thought to localize the infection at an early stage. Interestingly, the ability of different microcrystals to induce NET formation has been recently described. Microcrystals are insoluble crystals with a size of 1-100 micrometers th...

Primary research Inflammatory microcrystals induce murine macrophage survival and DNA synthesis

Introduction Intra-articular basic calcium phosphate (BCP) (hydroxyapatite, octacalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate) crystal-deposition disease is associated clinically with severe degenerative arthritis characterized by hyperplasia of the synovial lining and loss of intrasynovial collagenous structures [1]. The interaction of the crystals with inflammatory cells is believed to be a key fac...

Inflammatory microcrystals differentially regulate the secretion of macrophage inflammatory protein 1 and interleukin 8 by human neutrophils: a possible mechanism of neutrophil recruitment to sites of inflammation in synovitis

Human neutrophils at inflammatory sites may be an important source of the chemotactic cytokines macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (M1P-1 alpha; a C-C chemokine) and interleukin 8 (IL-8; a C-X-C chemokine). In this study, we show that the inflammatory microcrystals monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD), the major mediators of gout and pseudogout, dif...

The mechanisms of inflammation in gout and pseudogout (CPP-induced arthritis).

Recent advances have stimulated new interest in the area of crystal arthritis, as microcrystals can be considered to be endogenous "danger signals" and are potent stimulators of immune as well as non-immune cells. The best known microcrystals include urate (MSU), and calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals, associated with gout and pseudogout, respectively. Acute inflammation is the hallmark of th...